Air conditioning system has gradually become the standard equipment of cars. There are many kinds of air conditioners used in automobiles, and their structures are similar. The maintenance interval shall be generally once a year or as required. If it is found that the refrigeration effect is not good in use, it should be checked. The fault is usually caused by refrigerant leakage. Inspection and repair can be carried out through the following steps.

1.查找泄漏部位

1. Find the leakage part

目前車輛上使用的空調(diào)系統(tǒng)一般為單冷開(kāi)啟式，制冷劑多采用氟里昂（R12或氟里昂的替代產(chǎn)品134a）。在使用中，制冷劑易從各連接接頭、油封處泄漏，制冷劑泄漏將會(huì)導(dǎo)致制冷效果差或不制冷等現(xiàn)象。

At present, the air conditioning system used in vehicles is generally single cold open type, and the refrigerant is mostly Freon (R12 or alternative product 134a of Freon). In use, the refrigerant is easy to leak from the connection joints and oil seals, which will lead to poor refrigeration effect or no refrigeration.

（1）檢查漏油痕跡。在空調(diào)制冷循環(huán)系統(tǒng)中，冷卻油是用來(lái)潤(rùn)滑密封軸承以及壓縮機(jī)內(nèi)其他運(yùn)動(dòng)部件的，少量的潤(rùn)滑油將會(huì)與制冷劑一起進(jìn)入制冷循環(huán)系統(tǒng)中。如果制冷循環(huán)系統(tǒng)發(fā)生泄漏，泄漏處就會(huì)出現(xiàn)油漬，所以在檢查中，發(fā)現(xiàn)管路及接頭處有油漬，就可以確定該處有泄漏故障，應(yīng)進(jìn)行修理。

(1) Check for traces of oil leakage. In the air conditioning refrigeration cycle system, the cooling oil is used to lubricate the sealed bearing and other moving parts in the compressor. A small amount of lubricating oil will enter the refrigeration cycle system together with the refrigerant. If the refrigeration cycle system leaks, there will be oil stains at the leakage. Therefore, if there are oil stains on the pipelines and joints during the inspection, it can be determined that there is a leakage fault at this place, which should be repaired.

（2）觀察檢視窗，判定制冷劑泄漏情況。起動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)（約1000r/min），打開(kāi)制冷控制開(kāi)關(guān)（A/C），將溫度開(kāi)關(guān)控制桿置于COLD（冷）位置，風(fēng)扇開(kāi)關(guān)開(kāi)到的位置，可以從檢查窗處觀察到制冷劑的流動(dòng)狀態(tài)，來(lái)判斷制冷循環(huán)系統(tǒng)中有無(wú)泄漏。

(2) Observe the inspection window to determine the leakage of refrigerant. Start the engine (about 1000r / min), turn on the refrigeration control switch (A / C), set the temperature switch control lever to the cold position, and turn on the fan switch to the maximum position. The flow state of refrigerant can be observed from the inspection window to judge whether there is leakage in the refrigeration cycle system.

制冷劑流動(dòng)正常：制冷劑大體上透明，此時(shí)出風(fēng)口的風(fēng)是冷的。制冷系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)正常。

The refrigerant flow is normal: the refrigerant is generally transparent, and the air at the air outlet is cold. The state of the refrigeration system is normal.

制冷劑不足：制冷劑不足時(shí)，就會(huì)經(jīng)常看到氣泡流動(dòng)，制冷劑呈乳白色，這時(shí)制冷效果不佳。

Insufficient refrigerant: when the refrigerant is insufficient, bubbles will often be seen flowing, and the refrigerant is milky white, and the refrigeration effect is poor.

沒(méi)有制冷劑：如果制冷系統(tǒng)嚴(yán)重泄漏，觀察玻璃窗內(nèi)就什么也看不到，此時(shí)空調(diào)系統(tǒng)不會(huì)制冷。富康轎車的儲(chǔ)液罐上有A、B兩個(gè)檢視窗。檢視窗A可以判斷儲(chǔ)液罐中干燥劑的水分含量是否飽和。若呈藍(lán)色，表示正常；若呈紅色，表示水分已呈飽和狀態(tài)。應(yīng)緩慢的排盡空調(diào)系統(tǒng)中的制冷劑，更換儲(chǔ)液罐中的干燥劑，然后重新加注制冷劑。B檢視窗的作用和前面介紹的內(nèi)容相同，主要用于觀察制冷劑的情況。

No refrigerant: if the refrigeration system leaks seriously, nothing can be seen in the observation glass window. At this time, the air conditioning system will not cool. There are two inspection windows a and B on the tank of Fukang car. Inspection window a can judge whether the moisture content of the desiccant in the reservoir is saturated. If it is blue, it means normal; if it is red, it means that the water is saturated. The refrigerant in the air conditioning system should be drained slowly, the desiccant in the reservoir should be replaced, and then the refrigerant should be refilled. The function of the B inspection window is the same as that described above. It is mainly used to observe the condition of refrigerant.

在檢查時(shí)，所有連接部位或冷凝器表面一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)油漬，一般都說(shuō)明此處有制冷劑泄漏。發(fā)現(xiàn)有泄漏現(xiàn)象時(shí)，應(yīng)及時(shí)進(jìn)行排除泄漏故障，補(bǔ)充制冷劑和潤(rùn)滑油，以防泄漏潤(rùn)滑油，損壞空調(diào)系統(tǒng)。

In the inspection, once oil stains are found on all connection parts or condenser surface, it generally indicates that there is refrigerant leakage here. In case of leakage of refrigerant and lubricating oil, the leakage of lubricating oil should be eliminated in time.